Operation instrction Of Roller press(2)

三．進(jìn)料裝置
3. feeding device
進(jìn)料裝置是保證物料能均勻,定量地進(jìn)入壓力區(qū),并使物料受到良好擠壓的一個(gè)重要裝置。在工作中,物料始終充滿整個(gè)進(jìn)料裝置,由其導(dǎo)向進(jìn)入磨輥的壓力區(qū)。
The feeding device is an important device to ensure that the materials can enter the pressure zone uniformly and quantitatively, and make the materials well squeezed. During work, the material always fills the entire feeding device and is guided by it into the pressure zone of the grinding roller.
進(jìn)料裝置由進(jìn)料筒、閘板、下側(cè)板、支架、絲桿、連杠、電機(jī)減速機(jī)等組成，詳見進(jìn)料裝置裝配隨機(jī)部件圖。
The feeding device is composed of the feeding tube, gate plate, the lower side plate, support, screw rod, connecting rod, and motor reducer. For details, please refer to the random parts assembly drawing of the feeding device.
在側(cè)擋板的下端,既在壓力區(qū)的磨損嚴(yán)重部位設(shè)置了高硬度的硬質(zhì)合金材料。這樣可以減小磨損,提高被擠壓物料的擠壓質(zhì)量。
At the lower end of the side baffle, the high-hardness cemented carbide material is set in the severely worn parts of the pressure zone. This can reduce wear and improve the extrusion quality of the material being extruded.
由閘板、絲桿、連杠、電機(jī)減速機(jī)組成的杠桿式節(jié)能進(jìn)料裝置，由電機(jī)減速機(jī)來控制絲桿，通過連杠來控制閘板的開口大小，從而能達(dá)到控制處理量的作用。
The lever-type energy-saving feeding device composed of gate plate, screw rod, connecting rod, and motor reducer. The screw rod is controlled by the motor reducer, and the opening of the gate is controlled by the connecting rod, so as to achieve the effect of controlling the processing capacity. .
側(cè)板頂緊裝置用以控制側(cè)擋板與磨輥端面的間隙,該裝置是由支架、頂緊螺桿、蝶形彈簧及彈簧座等組成。
The side plate tightening device is used to control the gap between the side baffle plate and the end surface of the grinding roller. The device is composed of bracket, tightening screw, butterfly spring and spring seat.
通過頂緊螺桿可以調(diào)節(jié)側(cè)擋板下端位置與磨輥端面的間隙。調(diào)節(jié)壓板可以對(duì)蝶形彈簧的頂緊力作調(diào)整,使側(cè)擋板在正常工作時(shí)保證與磨輥端面有適當(dāng)?shù)拈g隙,減小磨輥端面的漏料。
The gap between the lower end of the side baffle and the end surface of the grinding roller can be adjusted by tightening the screw. The adjusting pressure plate can adjust the tightening force of the butterfly spring, so that the side baffle can ensure a proper gap with the end face of the grinding roller during normal operation, and reduce the material leakage of the end face of the grinding roller.
四．主電機(jī)和傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)
4. main motor and driving system
主電機(jī)是整套輥壓機(jī)主動(dòng)力源。采用兩臺(tái)高壓三相異步電動(dòng)機(jī),用戶可自購(gòu)或委托制造商配套。
The main motor is the main power source of the complete roller press. Two high-voltage three-phase asynchronous motors are used, which can be purchased by the user or commissioned by the manufacturer.
傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)采用國(guó)際上先進(jìn)的行星減速器懸掛傳動(dòng)裝置。通過縮套聯(lián)軸器將行星減速器的輸出軸剛性地固定在磨輥主軸上(見主軸聯(lián)接圖)。減速器的安裝定位基礎(chǔ)為磨輥主軸,并且減速器可以隨主軸作水平移動(dòng)。減速器的輸出扭矩,由扭矩支承裝置(見扭矩支承裝置示意圖)來平衡。扭矩支承包括一個(gè)四連桿機(jī)構(gòu)和一個(gè)彈性系統(tǒng)。該扭矩支承可以滿足活動(dòng)輥的水平移動(dòng),同時(shí)起到均載、吸振和緩沖的作用,可以使加工、安裝精度降低。四連桿機(jī)構(gòu)中的所有鉸接點(diǎn)均采用帶密封圈的關(guān)節(jié)軸承,適應(yīng)性強(qiáng)。彈性系統(tǒng)中的彈性元件采用具有軸向尺寸小,剛度系數(shù)大的蝶形彈簧。在設(shè)備工作中,可以通過調(diào)整裝置,調(diào)節(jié)其彈簧的頂緊力,使彈性系統(tǒng)適應(yīng)設(shè)備負(fù)載的狀況,主電機(jī)與行星減速器之間使用萬向節(jié)傳動(dòng)軸聯(lián)接。由于該萬向節(jié)傳動(dòng)軸設(shè)置在高速端,使其本身所需傳遞的扭矩相對(duì)較小,轉(zhuǎn)速高。并且所用的十字軸萬向節(jié)傳動(dòng)軸具有傳動(dòng)效力高、傳遞扭矩大、傳動(dòng)平穩(wěn)、潤(rùn)滑條件好、節(jié)點(diǎn)傾角大等特點(diǎn)。
The driving system adopts the international advanced planetary reducer suspension driving device. The output shaft of the planetary reducer is rigidly fixed on the main shaft of the grinding roller through the shrink sleeve coupling (see the main shaft connection drawing). The installation and positioning basis of the reducer is the grinding roller main shaft, and the reducer can move horizontally with the main shaft. The output torque of the reducer is balanced by the torque support device (see the schematic drawing of the torque support device). The torque support includes one four-bar linkage and an elastic system. The torque support can meet the horizontal movement of the movable roller, and at the same time has the functions of load balancing, vibration absorption and buffering, and can reduce the processing and installation accuracy. All articulation points in the four-bar linkage mechanism adopt joint bearings with sealing rings, which is highly adaptable. The elastic element in the elastic system adopts butterfly springs with small axial size and large stiffness coefficient. In the equipment work, the tensioning force of the spring can be adjusted by the adjusting device, so that the elastic system can adapt to the condition of the equipment load. The main motor and the planetary reducer are connected by the universal joint drive shaft. Because the universal joint drive shaft is arranged at the high-speed end, the torque required to transmit by itself is relatively small and the speed is high. And the cross-shaft universal joint drive shaft used has the characteristics of high driving efficiency, large transmission torque, smooth transmission, good lubrication conditions, and large node inclination.
傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)中所用到的縮套聯(lián)軸器為一非標(biāo)配套件,它由圓錐縮套、兩個(gè)收縮盤,高強(qiáng)度螺栓組和防塵圈等組成。其工作原理是:擰緊高強(qiáng)度螺栓,使圓錐縮套緊壓減速器的中空軸,并使其發(fā)生彈性變形,緊抱在磨輥主軸軸頸上,利用其間正壓力所產(chǎn)生的磨擦力來起到傳遞扭矩和減速器定位的功能。
The shrink sleeve coupling used in the driving system is the non-standard accessory. It consists of the round tapered shrink sleeve, two shrink disks, the high-strength bolt group and the dust ring. Its working principle is: Tighten the high-strength bolts to make the round tapered shrink sleeve compress the hollow shaft of the reducer, and make it elastically deform, tightly hug the main shaft journal of the grinding roller, and the friction force generated by the positive pressure is used to transmit torque and reducer positioning.
五．液壓系統(tǒng)
5. hydraulic system
液壓系統(tǒng)是為磨輥提供所需的擠壓粉碎力而設(shè)置的,其主要作用是液壓彈簧,兼有液壓保護(hù)功能。它的性能直接影響到擠壓粉碎物料的質(zhì)量和設(shè)備的安全。
The hydraulic system is set up to provide the required squeezing and crushing force for the grinding roller. Its main function is hydraulic spring, which also has hydraulic protection function. Its performance directly affects the quality of crushed materials and the safety of equipment.
該系統(tǒng)由泵站,閥臺(tái)和油缸三大部分組成(見液壓系統(tǒng)圖)。油缸直接安裝在機(jī)架上，閥臺(tái)、泵站集成在油箱上，然后通過管路連接起來。
The system consists of three parts: pump station, valve table and oil cylinder (see hydraulic system drawing). The oil cylinder is directly installed on the frame, and the valve table and pump station are integrated on the oil tank, and then connected by pipelines.
泵站是提供液壓油泵,主要由油泵、油泵電機(jī)、溢流閥、壓力表及濾油器等組成。該泵站的濾油器與加壓主油路串聯(lián)布置,使液壓油經(jīng)過濾油器過濾后進(jìn)入主油路,以避免因雜質(zhì)進(jìn)入主油路可能造成的系統(tǒng)元件的堵塞、系統(tǒng)壓力可根據(jù)操作需要無級(jí)調(diào)節(jié)。可無級(jí)調(diào)節(jié)控制系統(tǒng)所需的壓力。濾油器上附有壓差發(fā)訊裝置,當(dāng)濾油器濾筒堵塞,兩邊壓差達(dá)到一定值時(shí)發(fā)出報(bào)警信號(hào),通知操作人員清洗或更換濾筒。閥臺(tái)部分是液壓系統(tǒng)的主油路和控制油路,由兩只大容量蓄能器和電磁溢流閥等組成。在工作時(shí),四只主油缸通過大直徑管路與兩只蓄能器相連通,使得它們之間的壓力始終相同,油缸的動(dòng)態(tài)特性靈敏,流量大的特點(diǎn),磨輥間一旦進(jìn)入異物,系統(tǒng)壓力升高時(shí),它能及時(shí)打開卸壓,保護(hù)主機(jī)設(shè)備。該溢流閥即可液控,又可電控。在調(diào)試和處理意外事故時(shí),可以按動(dòng)電鈕卸壓或調(diào)整壓力。閥臺(tái)上另設(shè)置有壓力傳感器和電接點(diǎn)壓力表。可以通過壓力傳感器,將壓力系統(tǒng)壓力信號(hào)輸給主控制室和控制柜,與主機(jī)聯(lián)鎖,也便于操作人員觀察操作。電接點(diǎn)壓力表主要是控制液壓系統(tǒng)壓力的上、下限。控制泵站油泵電機(jī)的啟閉。
The pumping station provides hydraulic oil pumps, which are mainly composed of oil pumps, oil pump motors, overflow valves, pressure gauges and oil filters. The oil filter of the pump station is arranged in series with the pressurized main oil circuit, so that the hydraulic oil enters the main oil circuit after being filtered by the oil filter. In order to avoid the blockage of system components that may be caused by impurities entering the main oil circuit, the system pressure can be steplessly adjusted according to operation needs. The pressure required by the control system can be steplessly adjusted. The oil filter is equipped with the pressure difference signaling device. When the oil filter cartridge is blocked and the pressure difference on both sides reaches a certain value, an alarm signal will be issued to notify the operator to clean or replace the filter cartridge. The valve table is the main oil circuit and control oil circuit of the hydraulic system, which is composed of two large-capacity accumulators and an electromagnetic overflow valve. When working, the four main cylinders are connected to the two accumulators through large-diameter pipelines, so that the pressure between them is always the same. The dynamic characteristics of the cylinders are sensitive and the flow rate is large. Once foreign matter enters the grinding roller room, when the system pressure rises, it can open the pressure relief in time to protect the main equipment. The overflow valve can be controlled hydraulically and electrically. When debugging and handling accidents, you can press the button to relieve or adjust the pressure. The pressure sensor and the electric contact pressure gauge are additionally arranged on the valve table. The pressure signal of the pressure system can be transmitted to the main control room and the control cabinet through the pressure sensor, and it is interlocked with the main machine, which is also convenient for the operator to observe and operate. The electric contact pressure gauge mainly controls the upper and lower limits of the hydraulic system pressure. Control the opening and closing of the oil pump motor of the pump station.
四只油缸直接作用于活動(dòng)輥軸承座上,為磨輥提供適當(dāng)?shù)臄D壓粉碎力。油缸作用力可通過油路控制系統(tǒng)的轉(zhuǎn)換使其作用于單邊軸承座或雙邊軸承座,當(dāng)磨輥分邊動(dòng)作時(shí),由位移傳感器對(duì)兩軸承座的水平位移進(jìn)行檢測(cè)控制。油缸由缸體、活塞、端蓋、耐磨環(huán)和密封圈組成。見油缸裝配示意圖,該油缸為雙作用缸,這樣一旦設(shè)備的進(jìn)料系統(tǒng)發(fā)生故障。可以及時(shí)用油缸將活動(dòng)輥拉回,增大輥隙,排除故障。
The four oil cylinders directly act on the bearing seat of the movable roller to provide proper crushing force for the grinding roller. The force of the oil cylinder can act on the single-sided bearing seat or the double-sided bearing seat through the conversion of the oil circuit control system. When the grinding roller is separated, the horizontal displacement of the two bearing seats is detected and controlled by the displacement sensor. The oil cylinder is composed of cylinder body, piston, end cover, wear ring and sealing ring. See the cylinder assembly drawing, the cylinder is the double-acting cylinder, so that once the equipment's feeding system fails, the movable roller can be pulled back with the oil cylinder in time to increase the gap and eliminate the fault.
在油缸活塞桿的端面,設(shè)置了一環(huán)面壓頭,以防止因移動(dòng)輥軸線偏斜時(shí),給液壓缸附加徑向載荷。
An annular pressure head is arranged on the end surface of the piston rod of the oil cylinder to prevent additional radial load to the hydraulic cylinder when the axis of the moving roller is deflected.