Operation instrction Of Roller press

第一章   概  述
Chapter 1 Summarize
輥壓機(jī)是八十年代中期在國際上發(fā)展起來的新型粉碎設(shè)備。以它為主組成的擠壓粉磨新工藝在節(jié)能方面有著顯著的效果,受到國際水泥界的普遍重視,成為發(fā)展粉磨工藝的一項(xiàng)新技術(shù)。
Roller press is a new type of crushing equipment developed internationally in the mid-1980s. The new extrusion grinding technology mainly composed of it has a significant effect in energy saving, and it has been widely valued by the international cement industry and has become a new technology for the development of grinding technology.
該機(jī)應(yīng)用高壓料層粉碎能耗低的原理,采用單顆粒粉碎群體化低工作方式。脆性物料經(jīng)過高壓擠壓(該機(jī)在壓力區(qū)的壓力約為150Mpa)使物料的粒度迅速減小,小于0.08mm的細(xì)粉含量達(dá)到20～30%,小于2mm的物料達(dá)到70%以上,并且在所有經(jīng)擠壓的物料中存在有大量的裂紋,使物料在下一個(gè)工序中粉磨時(shí),所需的能耗大幅度降低。根據(jù)國外有關(guān)資料的報(bào)導(dǎo)和我們已取得的實(shí)際使用經(jīng)驗(yàn),采用此設(shè)備的粉磨系統(tǒng)比未采用該設(shè)備的粉磨系統(tǒng)可增產(chǎn)50～200%。單產(chǎn)電耗可降低20～35%。并且由于磨輥的磨損小,使得單位磨耗大為降低,同時(shí)設(shè)備工作的噪音、粉塵等均較小,改善了工人勞動(dòng)環(huán)境,充分顯示出其卓越的經(jīng)濟(jì)效益和社會(huì)效益。
The machine applies the principle of low energy consumption for high-pressure material crushing, and adopts single-particle crushing and grouping low working mode. Brittle materials undergo high-pressure extrusion (the pressure of the machine in the pressure zone is about 150Mpa) to rapidly reduce the particle size of the material. The content of fine powder less than 0.08mm reaches 20-30%, and the material less than 2mm reaches more than 70%. There are a large number of cracks in all extruded materials, which greatly reduces the energy consumption when the materials are ground in the next process. According to the reports of relevant foreign materials and the actual use experience we have obtained, the grinding system with this equipment can increase the output by 50-200% compared with the grinding system without this equipment. Power consumption per unit of production can be reduced by 20 to 35%. And because of the small wear of the grinding roller, the unit wear is greatly reduced. At the same time, the noise and dust of the equipment are relatively small, which improves the working environment of workers and fully demonstrates its excellent economic and social benefits.
輥壓粉碎機(jī)的主體是兩個(gè)相向轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)的輥?zhàn)印４嘈晕锪嫌奢斔驮O(shè)備,送入裝有稱重傳感器的稱重倉,而后通過輥壓機(jī)的進(jìn)料裝置,進(jìn)入兩大小相同,相對轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)的輥?zhàn)又g,由輥?zhàn)右幻鎸⑽锪侠胼佅吨?一面以其間的高壓將物料壓成密實(shí)的物料餅,最后從輥隙中落下,經(jīng)出料斗,由輸送設(shè)備提出。由下一工序?qū)ξ锪巷炞鬟M(jìn)一步的分散或粉磨。
The main body of the roller crusher is two rollers rotating towards each other. The brittle material is sent by the conveying equipment to the weighing bin equipped with the weighing sensor, and then passes through the feeding device of the roller press, and enters between two relatively rotating rollers of the same size, and the material is pulled into the roller gap by the roller side. On one side, the material is pressed into a compact material cake with the high pressure in between, and finally falls from the roll gap, passes through the discharge hopper, and is lifted by the conveying equipment. From the next process, the material cake is further dispersed or ground.
 
第二章  結(jié)構(gòu)簡介
Chapter 2 Structure introduction
輥壓粉碎機(jī)結(jié)構(gòu)較為復(fù)雜,載荷很大,系統(tǒng)、部件較多。為了更好地使用該設(shè)備,必須對其各個(gè)部件和系統(tǒng)必要的了解。
The structure of the roller crusher is complex, the load is large, and the system and components are many. In order to use the equipment better, it is necessary to understand the various components and systems.
該設(shè)備是由軸系、主機(jī)架,進(jìn)料裝置、傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)、液壓系統(tǒng)、潤滑系統(tǒng)、輥罩、檢測系統(tǒng)組成。見輥壓機(jī)總圖。
The equipment is composed of shaft system, main frame, feeding device, driving system, hydraulic system, lubrication system, roller cover, and detection system. See the general drawing of the roller press.
兩磨輥分別為固定輥與活動(dòng)輥,活動(dòng)輥安裝于機(jī)架內(nèi)腔的導(dǎo)軌上,固定輥固裝于機(jī)架立柱上。進(jìn)料裝置、液壓系統(tǒng)、潤滑系統(tǒng)均安裝在主機(jī)架上。主減速機(jī)—行星減速機(jī)用縮套聯(lián)軸器懸掛在主軸上,由扭矩平衡裝置平衡其輸出扭矩,主電機(jī)的驅(qū)動(dòng)力矩通過十字軸式萬向節(jié)傳動(dòng)軸傳給行星減速機(jī)。
The two grinding rollers are respectively fixed roller and movable roller. The movable roller is installed on the guide rail in the inner cavity of the machine frame, and the fixed roller is fixedly installed on the column of the machine frame. The feeding device, hydraulic system and lubrication system are all installed on the main frame. The main reducer-planetary reducer is suspended on the main shaft with shrink sleeve coupling, and its output torque is balanced by torque balance device. The driving torque of the main motor is transmitted to the planetary reducer through the cross shaft universal joint drive shaft.
軸系分兩套,其中一套是固定不動(dòng)的,即固定輥軸系,另一套則是可以在機(jī)架內(nèi)腔作水平方向往復(fù)移動(dòng)的,即移動(dòng)輥軸系。兩磨輥間對物料形成的高壓是由液壓系統(tǒng)中的液壓缸產(chǎn)生的,當(dāng)無物料通過時(shí),液壓缸產(chǎn)生的力由移動(dòng)輥軸承座經(jīng)中間架傳給固定輥軸承座。不管有無物料通過磨輥,擠壓粉碎力均在機(jī)架上被平衡,基本不傳到基礎(chǔ)上。該設(shè)備中的液壓缸與蓄能器組成一液壓彈簧,保持一較恒定的擠壓粉碎力,同時(shí)兼有安全保護(hù)功能。主電機(jī)采用交流異步電機(jī),整機(jī)采用微機(jī)控制。
The shaft system is divided into two sets, one of which is fixed, that is, the fixed roller shaft system, and the other is capable of reciprocating horizontally in the inner cavity of the frame, that is, the moving roller shaft system. The high pressure on the material formed between the two grinding rollers is generated by the hydraulic cylinder in the hydraulic system. When no material passes through, the force generated by the hydraulic cylinder is transmitted from the moving roller bearing seat to the fixed roller bearing seat via the intermediate frame. Regardless of whether the material passes through the grinding roller, the squeezing and crushing force is balanced on the frame, and basically not transmitted to the foundation. The hydraulic cylinder and the accumulator in the equipment form the hydraulic spring, which maintains a relatively constant squeezing and crushing force, and also has a safety protection function. The main motor adopts AC asynchronous motor, and the whole machine adopts microcomputer control.
現(xiàn)將該設(shè)備中主要部件簡介如下:
The main components of the equipment are introduced as follows:
一．主軸軸系
1. shaft system of main shaft
該部件由堆焊有一定厚度耐磨材料的磨輥主軸、雙列球面滾子軸承,軸承座以及內(nèi)、外軸承端蓋、定位環(huán)、端面熱電阻、水冷系統(tǒng)等零部件組成。見軸系裝配示意圖。
The component consists of grinding roller main shaft with a certain thickness of wear-resistant material, double-row spherical roller bearings, bearing seats, inner and outer bearing end covers, locating rings, end face thermal resistance, water cooling system and other parts. See the shaft system assembly drawing.
主軸采用分體式,由軸體和軸套兩部分組成,軸套表面堆焊了一層耐磨層,在耐磨層磨損后可在其上直接進(jìn)行補(bǔ)焊修復(fù),若軸套使用到無法修復(fù)的程度,則可更換一新軸套。主軸兩軸承支承處,均為圓錐段,使主軸承的拆卸可借助于超高壓油泵進(jìn)行,便于檢修更換。
The main shaft adopts split type and consists of two parts: the shaft body and the shaft sleeve. The surface of the shaft sleeve is welded with a wear-resistant layer. After the wear-resistant layer is worn out, it can be directly repaired by welding. If the sleeve is used to the extent that it cannot be repaired, it can be replaced with a new sleeve. The two bearing supports of the main shaft are both tapered sections, so that the main bearing can be disassembled with the aid of an ultra-high pressure oil pump, which is convenient for maintenance and replacement.
主軸承采用具有自動(dòng)調(diào)心功能的雙列球面滾子軸承。該軸承具有承載能力大,壽命長的特點(diǎn),并采用智能干油潤滑,保證其具有良好的潤滑條件。
The main bearing adopts the double row spherical roller bearing with self-aligning function. The bearing has the characteristics of large carrying capacity and long life, and uses intelligent dry oil lubrication to ensure good lubrication conditions.
端面熱電阻是用以檢測主軸承工作溫度的,它緊貼在主軸承的外圈上,保證連續(xù)檢測,報(bào)警,控制主軸承溫度。
The end surface thermal resistance is used to detect the working temperature of the main bearing. It is closely attached to the outer ring of the main bearing to ensure continuous detection, alarm and control the main bearing temperature.
水冷系統(tǒng)是用來降低主軸及軸承的工作溫度,從而使軸系能穩(wěn)定地連續(xù)運(yùn)行。
The water cooling system is used to reduce the working temperature of the main shaft and bearings, so that the shafting system can run stably and continuously.
二．主機(jī)架
2. main frame
主機(jī)架是整個(gè)擠壓粉碎機(jī)的基礎(chǔ), 擠壓粉碎力由其承受。為便于減輕重量全部采用焊接結(jié)構(gòu),由上、下橫梁、左、右立柱、承載銷、定位銷、導(dǎo)軌及聯(lián)接螺栓組等組成。見主機(jī)架裝配示意圖。上、下橫梁、左、右立柱均在焊接后作了整體退火處理,以消除其焊接應(yīng)力。
The main frame is the foundation of the entire extrusion crusher, and the crushing force is borne by it. In order to reduce the weight, all welded structures are adopted, which are composed of upper and lower beams, left and right columns, bearing pins, positioning pins, guide rails and connecting bolt groups. See the main frame assembly drawing. The upper and lower beams, the left and right columns are all annealed after welding to eliminate the welding stress.
上、下橫梁采用工字型結(jié)構(gòu),具有較大的剛度, 左、右立柱采用工字型與箱型結(jié)構(gòu)相結(jié)合的結(jié)構(gòu),同樣具有較高的剛度,使整個(gè)機(jī)架可連接成為一個(gè)剛性的整體。
The upper and lower beams adopt I-shaped structure, which has greater rigidity. The left and right columns adopt the structure that combines I-shaped and box-shaped structures, which also have high rigidity, so that the entire frame can be connected to become a rigid overall.
承載銷主要起到將立柱上所受的粉碎力傳遞到上、下橫梁上去的作用。在安裝時(shí)應(yīng)注意其標(biāo)記。
The load-bearing pin mainly plays the role of transmitting the crushing force on the column to the upper and lower beams. Pay attention to its markings during installation.
定位銷的主要作用是用于確定兩側(cè)上、下橫梁的中心距。
The main function of the positioning pin is to determine the center distance of the upper and lower beams on both sides.
導(dǎo)軌是作為活動(dòng)輥軸承座的導(dǎo)向裝置而設(shè)置的,兩側(cè)的軌寬度有所不同,靠近傳動(dòng)側(cè)的導(dǎo)軌應(yīng)寬些。
The guide rail is set as the guide device of the movable roller bearing seat. The width of the rail on both sides is different, and the guide rail near the driving side should be wider.
螺栓組是確保機(jī)架聯(lián)接的關(guān)鍵所在。因此該高強(qiáng)度螺栓不可用普通螺栓代用,并且在擰緊時(shí)應(yīng)控制擰緊力矩。
The bolt group is the key to ensure the frame connection. Therefore, the high-strength bolts cannot be substituted with ordinary bolts, and the tightening torque should be controlled when tightening.